What are the basic knowledge about fire safety?

The basic knowledge of fire safety mainly includes topics such as household fire prevention, fire prevention in public places, fire extinguishing methods, emergency reporting procedures, and escape methods. 

The specific measures for household fire prevention include: 

Timely remove combustible materials from the balconies and the areas in front of and behind the house to prevent spontaneous combustion. 

Properly use electrical appliances, do not randomly connect power cords, do not overload the power supply, and promptly replace aging electrical equipment and wiring. 

Use gas and liquefied gas safely. Open the gas valve first before lighting the fire. After use, turn off the gas valve first before closing the stove. 

Do not smoke in bed or on the sofa, especially after drinking or when feeling tired. 

Teach children not to play with fire and keep matches and other such items out of the reach of children. 

The specific measures for fire prevention in public places include: 

When entering public places, please cooperate with the security checks voluntarily. 

Do not smoke or use open flames in public places. 

Do not bring in any flammable or explosive dangerous items such as fireworks, alcohol, gasoline, etc. into public places. 

Vehicles and items should not be placed too closely to or obstructing fire-fighting facilities, and they should not block fire escape routes. 

The commonly used methods of fire extinguishing include: 

Cooling method: Reduce the temperature of the burning substance to below its ignition point, thereby stopping the combustion process. For example, using water to extinguish a fire. 

Asphyxiation method: Reduce the amount of oxygen in the combustion area or use non-combustible substances to dilute the air, causing the flame to go out. For example, cover the burning object with sand, or use a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher to put out the fire. 

Isolation method: Separate the burning substances from the unburned ones. For example, remove flammable, easily combustible or combustible-supporting substances near the ignition point. 

Inhibition method: Let the fire extinguishing agent participate in the combustion reaction process, thereby interrupting the chain reaction of combustion. 

The specific methods for alarm and escape include: 

In case of a fire, immediately call "119" to alert the fire department and organize personnel to put out the fire. During the firefighting process, prioritize saving people and then try to minimize the damage. 

The ten key points for escaping from a fire include: familiarizing oneself with the environment, remaining calm, providing proper guidance, using simple protective measures, making good use of the evacuation routes, and sending out signals, etc.